Bhat Hilal AhmadA policy framework backed by transparent Matrix only can withstand judicial interventions while maintaining social harmony.G D sharma report should be released for public scrutiny.True interpretation of rule of prudence be made.A revisit of Rule 17 is must for ensuring appropriate seat balance.Rationalisation of reservations is directly proportional to meritocracy and ensuring a just society.Jammu and Kashmir with a young demographic profile has one of the highest proportions of general category population in the country estimated arround 60 to 70 percent but lowest open merit quota which roughly stands between 30 to 40 percent.States across the country with comparatively lesser general category population continue to maintain 50 percent reservation for open merit share.A shift from policy decisions and demographic legal principles has resulted in a structural framework which significantly differs from the national norms.It is when courts across India have always emphasised that reservation policies must rest on contemporary quantifiable evidence.Though government maintains that the present reservation framework follows Reservation Act 2004 and its rules according to 2005 that should be read with new notification SO-176 of March 2024.But lot of reservations and concerns have emerged about the proportionality , transparancy and opportunity of merit where certain newly introduced reservations are found drawing benifit patterns on the basis of regions and geography.In its verdict on November 16 ( 1992 ) Supreme Court in Indra Sawhney verses union of India case held that reservations should not ordinary exceed beyond 50 percent except in the exceptional and extraordinary circumstances.However in 2022 in Janhit Abhiyan case court while upholding the ten percent reservation for economically weaker sections observed that fifty percent ceiling is not a compulsory limit but a rule of prudence.Taking a flexible and wider interpretation of this directive parliament in February 2024 ammended 2005 reservation rules and reservation percentages were altered by introducing EWS at 10 percent and increasing it to 20 percent for ST , 28 percent for OBC while RBA saw reductions.This was largely based on publicly available socio economic survey and not on an updated sensus or data.Consequently LG administration announced new quotas like Paharis , paddari , koli , Gadda brahmin and other casts.Social welfare department quickly followed by distributing new proportions which led to decrease of open merit quota.As per new policy 61% seats of government jobs and professional admissions are reserved and only 39 are for open merit share.This clearly shows that open merit candidates are slowly pushed out of the system though government stands by its constitutional interpretation by saying that it goes well with constitutional guidelines and court rules.In just last two years 8.21 lack reservation certificates were issued in J & K in which 6.78 lakh ( 82% ) were issued in jammu and only 1.45 lakh certificates were issued in kashmir.For scheduled cast only more than 69000 certificates were issued in jammu while it remained only 474  for Kashmir which is just 0.64 percent.Accordingly for ST 5.25 lakh certificates were issued for jammu while it remained 76656 for Kashmir.Out of 21386 , 18963 EWS certificates were issued for jammu and only 2431 certificates were issued for kashmir division.Similarly for ALC jammu is ahead with 85% and it is for RBA only where kashmir is ahead with 31804 certificates while jammu has 15550 certificates.While looking at the shares in the second line bureaucracy JKAS , JKAS ( accounts ) and JKPS the numbers itself tell the story of last three years.In 2023 only 39 selections were made for open merit in JKAS as compared to 50 selections made for reserved categories like Sc , ST and Ews.In 2024 open merit selections were 50 while 43 selections were made for reserved categories.In 2025 , 24 selections were made for open merit while the numbers remained almost equal in all the three civil services.In JK Accounts service 29 , 27 and 15 selections were made from open merit in 2023 , 2024 and 2025 while it remained 26 , 25 and 09 for reserved categories in 2023 , 2024 and 2025 respectively.Though the numbers does not go against any legal quota but it questions fairness and representation.In March 2020 J&K government constituted GD Sharma comission to examine backwardness and rationalise reservations for different categories and the report is yet to come in the public domain.The current reservation structural framework stands at ten percent for EWS, ten percent for RBA , 8 percent for SC , 8 percent of OBC , 10 percent for ST-1 10 percent for ST-2 and 4 percent for ALC/IB which makes a mighty total of 60 percent for the reserved categories.The rest 40 percent are shared by general category and horizontal reservations.An element of the centre of the debate is Rule -17 which allows reserved categories to initially take open merit seats and letter shift back to their respective categories.When this happens the seat already occupied does not automatically return to the open merit pool thereby further reducing the share available to open category competition.Not only so the horizontal reservations which cover women , ex servicemen , sports , and persons with special abilities appear to be applied largely on open merit quota rather than proportionally across all categories.This again makes general category to bear the brunt of disproportionate share of adjustments which was otherwise expected to be distributed evenly.In December 2024 a cabinet sub committee was constituted to consult all stakeholders for reviewing and revisiting the existing policy to reshape a much acceptable reservation policy.The report was approved by the council of ministers in the cabinet and sent for its final approval to honourable LG.If sources are to be believed the cabinet has reportedly slashed reservation of EWS by 7 percent and RBA by 3 percent while managing a much needed ten percent quota for general category subjected to approval from the LG administration.If the same trend follows in filling the vacancies it will be very hard for the merit to survive and that will lead to an absolute brain drain.Moreover , the absence of an updated data and matrix question the basis of the changes and modification.The question is not about reservation but the way of its dis-proportionate distribution.G D sharma lead committee report should be made public for its scrutiny.It is high time to go for a data driven neutral and transparent re-examination which is based on updated statistics.Recalibration rather than an overhaul of the structural framework will do the job.Open merit share must reflect demographic proportion.Distribution of horizontal reservations should be made across all categories rather than concentrating them fully on general category.The much controversial Rule 17 should be revisited and probably done away with to ensure a proper seat balance.This will lead to a structural framework which will be purely based on fairness and transparency and grounded on the principles of proportionality and opportunity thus maintaining a fine balance between merit and constitutional limits.That will give rise to an equitable and a rationalised reservation system which will be effective and acceptable to all sections of the society.Bhat Hilal Ahmad ( Biotech ) is a writer who comes up with a comprehensive analysis on Educational, Social and Political developments.

Shabeer Ahmad LoneTo think well is to live well. Thinking is not merely an act of the brain but a sacred rhythm of the soul-a convergence of reason, conscience, emotion, and vision.The art of true thinking is the foundation upon which civilizations rise, ethics evolve, and meaning is born. Across civilizations and centuries, sages, prophets, philosophers, mystics, scientists etc. have all affirmed that true thinking is not merely a cognitive act, but a spiritual, moral and existential imperative.From the earliest philosophies in Athens and the Upanishadic meditations in India, to Qur anic calls to reflection and Confucian moral reasoning, the human quest has always centered on understanding what it means to think rightly, deeply, and justly.This art is not the privilege of intellectual elites but the rightful inheritance of all: students and scholars, workers and wanderers, leaders and listeners. It is the quiet discipline that bridges intuition with inquiry, silence with speech, and solitude with solidarity. In an age of digital speed, echo chambers, and algorithmic certainties, thinking has become both endangered and essential.The issue before us is not whether we are thinking, but how we are thinking: Are our thoughts guided by truth, humility, compassion, and courage-or are they shaped by fear, haste, and ideology? True thinking does not merely inform-it transforms. It is the invisible architecture of human dignity, creative flourishing, and moral awakening.It allows individuals to transcend impulse, and societies to transcend division. Thus, to recover and reclaim the art of true thinking is to renew the very possibility of human wholeness-intellectually rigorous, emotionally intelligent, spiritually rooted, and ethically alive.The art of true thinking has been revered as the path to self-knowledge, moral clarity, and inner stillness. Socrates declared, An unexamined life is not worth living, while Aristotle noted, It is the mark of an educated mind to entertain a thought without accepting it. From Pascal s reminder that All men s miseries derive from not being able to sit in a quiet room alone, to Meister Eckhart s vision that The eye through which I see God is the same eye through which God sees me, the call to deep reflection echoes widely.The Upanishads and Laozi affirm that stillness reveals truth, echoed by Sri Aurobindo: When the mind is still, the truth gets her chance to be heard. Sufis like Rumi speak of the sacredness of silence and self-knowledge: He who knows himself, knows his Lord. Einstein urged new ways of thinking for new problems, calling intuition a sacred gift. Jung, Wilde, and Krista Tippett remind us that true thought requires both clarity and compassion. Whether East or West, ancient or modern, sacred or philosophical, all affirm: thinking well is not merely mental-it is spiritual, ethical, and transformative.To think well is also to slow down. In a time of instant everything, slowness becomes a radical act. It permits attention to nuance; it allows the dust of distraction to settle. Great thoughts, like great art, require gestation.They emerge not in haste but in silence. The mystics of all traditions understood this: Rumi, Meister Eckhart, Laozi, and the desert fathers of early Christianity all emphasized the link between inner stillness and insight. In slowing down, we begin to hear not only what others say, but what lies within ourselves.Thinking well requires a threefold discipline: clarity of reason, purity of intention, and depth of perception. Clarity of reason guards against the seductions of propaganda, disinformation, and intellectual laziness. In our age of algorithmic influence and instant opinion, critical faculties are easily dulled.The over-reliance on AI-generated outputs, as shown in recent MIT studies, reveals a worrying trend: reduced cognitive complexity, homogenized expression, and declining originality.These findings reflect not merely technological side effects but a larger cultural drift away from deep, attentive, and morally engaged thought. A mind attuned only to efficiency risks becoming unable to wrestle with ambiguity, contradiction, or moral complexity.Purity of intention in thinking is equally vital. It calls for intellectual humility-the willingness to be wrong, to listen, to revise.This humility is foundational in all great traditions of thought: from the Socratic method of questioning to the Islamic ideal of ijtihad (independent reasoning), from Buddhist mindfulness to Confucian ethical reflection.Better thinking is not marked by quick judgment or verbal dominance but by sincere pursuit of understanding. The philosopher Karl Jaspers once remarked that thinking begins when something breaks down. This breakdown of assumptions, of certainty, of habitual patterns-creates space for the deeper movement of the mind: toward reconsideration, toward awe, toward moral self-examination.Thinking well also involves emotional and existential depth, qualities often neglected in reductive notions of rationality. Empirical studies in psychology and neuroscience increasingly affirm the interdependence of reason and emotion.It is not simply the cold logic of deduction that guides good thinking, but the presence of compassion, patience, and inner stillness.Studies from the University of California and King s College London demonstrate that mindfulness and compassion training significantly enhance mental clarity and emotional regulation. Such findings are not new; they echo the insights of sages and saints across time.The Islamic philosopher Al-Ghazali argued that true knowledge comes not only from books and arguments but from the purification of the heart. Similarly, the Bhagavad Gita holds that wisdom arises in one who sees without attachment, hears without pride, and speaks with purpose.To think truly and deeply, then, is not merely to possess cognitive skills, but to embody virtues. It is a form of inner architecture-painstakingly built through reading, reflection, dialogue, solitude, and service.It resists the temptations of ideological absolutism, rhetorical manipulation, and emotional reactivity.It calls instead for a synthesis of the analytical and the contemplative, the logical and the ethical, the skeptical and the faithful. Such thinking transcends academic intelligence; it becomes a way of being-integral, awake, and attuned to reality in its fullness.This mode of thinking is essential not only for individual growth but for the health of democratic and pluralistic societies.As recent global studies have shown, the erosion of critical thinking skills correlates with rising susceptibility to misinformation, populism, and divisive identity politics.When citizens no longer think well, public discourse collapses into shouting matches, and truth becomes a casualty of convenience.Media literacy, civic reasoning, and moral imagination must therefore be revived as pillars of education and public life. The capacity to consider opposing views fairly, to recognize complexity, and to defer judgment are no longer just philosophical virtues-they are democratic essentials.Furthermore, true thinking cannot be separated from justice and inclusivity.A society that excludes or marginalizes voices based on caste, class, race, gender, or creed limits the scope of collective reasoning. Inclusivity is not just a political principle-it is a condition for truth.Traditions across the globe affirm that wisdom is scattered among all peoples, and that no one group holds a monopoly on insight. A truly reflective mind learns across boundaries, listens to the marginalized, and draws from multiple wells of knowledge-ancient and modern, East and West, scientific and spiritual.Contemporary thought sees the art of true thinking as more than logic-it is clarity fused with compassion, creativity, and reflection. Scholars emphasize emotional depth, contemplative practice, and practical wisdom (phronesis) as core to sound judgment.While AI tools now aid reasoning, true thinking remains a moral, reflective act. Thinking well is, ultimately, thinking humanely.In academic settings, critical thinking remains the disciplined pursuit of truth through analysis, reflection, and ethical engagement. It requires questioning assumptions, evaluating evidence, and embracing intellectual humility. Its development depends on open dialogue, reflective pedagogy, and moral courage.More than critique, it is a generative force that deepens understanding and sustains academic integrity.In the end, to think well is not merely to sharpen one s intellect but to refine one s humanity. It is to listen deeply before speaking, to question without arrogance, to understand without surrendering conviction. It is to befriend complexity, to welcome wonder, and to pursue the truth even when it unsettles.The art of true thinking transcends academic categories it touches the ethical, the aesthetic, the existential. It is the courage to pause when the world rushes, to reflect when the world reacts, to unite where the world divides. In doing so, it transforms not only the thinker, but the world the thinker inhabits.Such thought does not isolate; it integrates. It draws from ancient wisdom and modern insight, from logic and love, from science and silence.It is, above all, an act of inner architecture-building a mind and heart capable of holding both difference and depth. In a time where intelligence is increasingly outsourced and opinion is easily manufactured, the necessity of cultivating thinking as a moral, emotional, and spiritual discipline becomes more urgent than ever. As civilizations face crises of meaning, identity, and truth, what sustains them is not only innovation, but reflection; not only efficiency, but wisdom.Most fundamentally, to think truly and well is not simply to sharpen one s intellect-it is to refine one s being, to beautify one s soul, and to elevate the collective conscience of humanity. It is to listen deeply before speaking, to speak with insight rather than noise, to hold convictions without arrogance, and to welcome the difficult grace of unknowing.The art of true thinking transcends cognitive performance; it becomes a way of existing-ethically awake, aesthetically attuned, and existentially open. In a fragmented and distracted world, the thinker who is clear, compassionate, and contemplative is a lightbearer. Such thought does not isolate; it integrates.It unites reason with reverence, logic with love, precision with patience. It draws from the wisdom of prophets and philosophers, poets and scientists, mystics and reformers-those who dared to ask, to doubt, to feel, and to see.In cultivating this deeper mode of thinking, we begin to repair the fractures in ourselves and our societies. For in truth, thinking well is not an intellectual luxury but a civilizational necessity.As humanity faces an unprecedented crisis-ecological, moral, spiritual, and epistemological-what sustains us is not merely innovation or information, but reflection with integrity, questioning with humility, and vision with responsibility.The art of true thinking is thus not an end in itself, but a beginning: of clearer seeing, deeper loving, juster acting, and more conscious being. It is the unseen revolution-the silent architecture of peace, purpose, and enduring transformation upon which all meaningful futures depend.And when such true thinking is harmonized with purposeful action, it becomes a force of both inner illumination and outer transformation-bridging contemplation with responsibility, insight with impact, and conscience with change.It gives rise to actions that are not only effective but enlightened-refined by wisdom, rooted in compassion, and capable of reshaping the world with depth, dignity, and enduring grace.Author can be mailed at Shabirahmed.lone003@gmail.com

Dr Irfan PeerzadaIn the concept of One Health, the health of each component such as humans, livestock and environment are equally important. But to describe the concept, it is better to start with human health. It is the complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.It encompasses the dynamic interactions between biological, psychological, and environmental factors that influence an individual s overall functioning and quality of life. Human health can be defined broadly in three dimensions such as physical health, mental health and social health. These can be further defined as follows.Physical health: The optimal functioning of the body s systems, including the absence of illness or injury and the ability to perform daily activities effectively.Mental health: Emotional, psychological, and cognitive well-being, enabling individuals to cope with stress, maintain relationships, and make decisions.Social health: The ability to interact positively with others and engage in meaningful societal roles and relationships.A holistic approach to human health recognizes its interconnectedness with animal health, ecosystem integrity, and societal well-being, as emphasized in frameworks like the One Health concept. This approach underscores the importance of promoting sustainable practices, equitable healthcare access, and global collaboration to achieve optimal health outcomes for all.Human health is influenced by various determinants such as lifestyle, socio-economic conditions, and environmental factors besides genetics. All first three, i.e. lifestyle, socio-economic conditions, and environmental factors which a human face on a daily basis is primarily affected by their income and its certainty. Indian farming is characterized by a very meager monthly income of less than 10,000 due to small and fragmented landholdings and inefficiency in resource utilization.Over 85% of farmers are classified as small and marginal, owning less than 2 hectares of land. The average size of operational holdings has declined from 2.28 hectares in 1970-71 to 1.08 hectares in 2015-16, reflecting increased fragmentation due to population growth and inheritance practices which makes the farm income generated insufficient to cover the rising costs of inputs, healthcare, and education.Farming forms the backbone of human survival, supporting food security, livelihoods, and economic development while profoundly impacting environmental and animal health. Within the One Health framework, farming occupies a central stage as it bridges the interconnected domains of human, animal, and environmental health.Sustainable agricultural practices not only nourish growing populations but also safeguard ecosystems and mitigate risks of zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and biodiversity loss. As the world s population soars, farming must evolve to balance productivity with sustainability, ensuring long-term resilience and harmony across health systems.India, with its agrarian heritage and diverse farming practices, stands as a crucial player in advancing the One Health agenda. The nation is home to approximately 17% of the global population and contributes significantly to global food production, particularly in staples like rice, wheat, and pulses.However, the challenges of climate change, over-reliance on chemical fertilizers, water scarcity, and deforestation have underscored the urgent need for transformative agricultural policies. Indian farming has the unique potential to integrate traditional wisdom with modern innovations, such as organic farming, agroforestry, and climate-smart techniques, to address these challenges holistically.Moreover, India s livestock sector plays a dual role in supporting rural economies and global protein supplies but must contend with zoonotic disease risks and greenhouse gas emissions.Through a proactive One Health approach, Indian farming can serve as a model for sustainable development. By promoting biodiversity conservation, reducing overuse of antibiotics, and adopting eco-friendly practices, the agricultural sector can mitigate the risk of pests and diseases while enhancing ecosystem resilience.As a global leader in policy innovation and grassroots mobilization, India has the opportunity to influence sustainable farming systems worldwide, aligning human and planetary health for a more secure and prosperous future.Origins and evolution of One HealthThe concept of One Health dates back to the 1970s when Robert Schneider and his team conducted groundbreaking studies on cancer incidence in companion animals to draw parallels with human cancer risks. These investigations laid the foundation for a broader understanding of the interconnectedness between human and animal health.In 1978, Calvin Schwabe s seminal book, Cattle, Priests, and Medicine, articulated this interconnectedness and introduced the term 'One Medicine,' which would later evolve into 'One Health.'The concept gained further prominence in 2007 when the American Medical Association formally endorsed a One Health resolution, underscoring its relevance in modern healthcare and public health strategies. However, the COVID-19 pandemic marked a pivotal moment for One Health. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the urgent need to adopt this framework to address the multifaceted interactions between humans, animals, plants, and ecosystems. The pandemic highlighted how disruptions in one domain can have cascading effects, emphasizing the importance of holistic approaches to global health.Environmental health: Safeguarding our planetEnvironmental health forms the bedrock of the One Health paradigm, encompassing terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems that are increasingly imperiled by human activities such as urbanization, industrialization, and climate change. These stressors disrupt ecosystem services, including air and water purification, soil fertility, and biodiversity, all of which are essential for sustaining life.Key models and challengesTo assess and manage ecosystem health, scientists utilize frameworks like the Vigor Organization Resilience (VOR) model. This model evaluates an ecosystem s productivity, biodiversity, and resilience, providing valuable insights into its ability to withstand and recover from disturbances.However, significant gaps remain in quantifying the direct impacts of human activities on ecosystems, complicating efforts to devise effective conservation strategies.Climate change and biodiversity lossClimate change and biodiversity loss stand as two of the most urgent global challenges. Rising temperatures, deforestation, and habitat destruction not only endanger countless species but also heighten the risk of zoonotic diseases diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Biodiversity plays a vital role in combating climate change by sequestering carbon and nitrogen, thereby helping to mitigate global warming.However, the rapid rate of deforestation, particularly in countries like India, which saw a significant increase between 1990 and 2020, highlights the pressing need for sustainable policy measures to protect natural habitats and preserve biodiversity.Livestock health: A pillar of rural economiesLivestock health is integral to economic stability, food security, and the livelihoods of millions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Livestock accounts for approximately 33% of global protein intake, with demand increasing rapidly. However, the livestock sector also contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating climate change and threatening the very systems it supports.Zoonotic diseases and antimicrobial resistanceApproximately 75% of emerging infectious diseases, including avian influenza, brucellosis, and tuberculosis, originate in animals. These zoonotic diseases underscore the profound interconnections between human and animal health. Additionally, the misuse and overuse of antibiotics in livestock farming have accelerated the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). If unchecked, AMR could lead to a global health crisis, with an estimated 10 million deaths annually by 2050.Human health: A historical and cultural perspectiveThe harmony between humans and nature has been a cornerstone of traditional health philosophies worldwide. Indian farming communities, for instance, have long emphasized the balance between humans, animals, and the environment, aligning with ancient practices that advocate holistic well-being.From Hippocrates promotion of healthy diets and exercise to the principles of Ayurveda, these traditions resonate with the One Health ethos.However, the modern era has witnessed a growing disconnect between humans and their environment. Urbanization, deforestation, and unsustainable consumption patterns have disrupted this balance, leading to adverse health outcomes for both humans and ecosystems. Addressing these challenges necessitates coordinated, multisectoral efforts that integrate traditional wisdom with modern science.Interlinkages and the path forwardIndian farming lies at the heart of the One Health concept, exemplifying the intricate interlinkages between human health, animal health, and the environment. The author is working in Agriculture department, district Bandipora

Arshid Ahmad Malik   Among the greatest figures in Islamic and world history, Imam Hussain ibn Ali (RA) holds a unique and exalted position. As the beloved grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the son of Imam Ali (RA) and Lady Fatima (RA), his lineage alone makes him special. But it was not just his ancestry that earned him immortal reverence it was his unparalleled sacrifice and unwavering resistance to tyranny that etched his name into the hearts of millions across centuries. The events of Karbala, which unfolded on the 10th of Muharram in 680 CE, were not just a political confrontation, they were a moral revolution. When Yazid, the corrupt ruler of the time, demanded allegiance from Imam Hussain, the Imam firmly rejected it. For him, Islam was not a tool of convenience or submission it was a mission of truth and justice. His response was clear and courageous. "I have not risen to spread evil or to show off. I have only risen to seek reform in the ummah of my grandfather."  Imam Hussain knew the cost of his refusal. He was aware that his path would not lead to worldly victory but to eternal success. Yet, he chose principle over safety, truth over silence, and martyrdom over humiliation. With only 72 companions among them his closest family, including his infant son he stood against the vast army of Yazid, numbering in thousands. In the scorching desert of Karbala, they were denied water for days, their camp surrounded, yet their resolve never weakened. On the Day of Ashura, one by one, his loved ones fell his brothers, nephews, companions, and finally, even his six-month-old son, Ali Asghar. But Imam Hussain stood firm. His last stand was not just on the battlefield it was a declaration to the world that truth, no matter how lonely, will always outshine falsehood. "I have not risen to spread evil or to show off. I have only risen to seek reform in the ummah of my grandfather." His martyrdom was not an end it was the beginning of a movement that would revive the spirit of Islam and human dignity. The blood of Hussain irrigated the soil of faith and resistance. He did not achieve a military victory, but he achieved something far greater a moral triumph that would inspire generations to stand against injustice, no matter how powerful the oppressor may be.  Karbala is not merely a chapter of history it is a living lesson. It teaches us that silence in the face of oppression is itself oppression. It urges us to rise against falsehood even when the cost is great. Imam Hussain did not die he lives on in every struggle for justice, in every voice raised for the truth, and in every heart that refuses to bow before evil.  To this day, millions around the world commemorate his sacrifice not out of ritual but out of love and conviction. His life is a beacon for all Muslim and non-Muslim alike guiding those who seek justice, integrity, and resistance to tyranny. "In the desert of Karbala, truth stood surrounded thirsty but unbroken" As Allama Iqbal once said: "Imam Hussain uprooted despotism forever till the Day of Judgment. He indeed sacrificed his head but not his principles. Truth and falsehood cannot coexist."  Indeed, Imam Hussain is not just a martyr of Islam he is the conscience of humanity. A timeless symbol of sacrifice, courage, and the triumph of truth. The author can be reached at malik121arshid@gmail.com

Mohammad NoumaanA parent always wants their child to rise, to do something great in life; something which can earn them a good reputation. There is a time in everyone's life that is Teenage, in the phase of life a child starts developing different habits and positive thoughts, teens go through many changes over this period.During this time a child longs for parental trust and support, but sadly this is where things go wrong, parents get lost in thoughts like "What if my child got involved in something bad" or "What if my child makes mistakes".And to stop the teen from exploring the evils of the society which are often tempting, because teenage is the time when curiosity among youth is at its peak. So to tackle this a parent has two options: first it can doubt the child unnecessarily, killing the young and ambitious mind, or most of the parents overthink about the child, listen to what opinions do their relatives have regarding their own child.Moreover, parents can talk to the child, show trust upon him/her or check what the child is actually involved in. Teenagers need trust, not suspicion; guidance, not restrictions. A little support can turn curiosity into creativity and doubt into confidence. Meanwhile, during teenage a teen starts to explore hobbies and passions, teens starts doing things which excite them, some get involved into bad company, bad habits or maybe the social evils, disrupting their life and reputation, but many others start to discover what truly excites them, some like playing cricket or any other sport, some take part in gaming, singing or something else.But over the changing times some children are drawn towards working online, or learning skills which they actually enjoy, like some of the new-generation teens like doing cinematography, some like doing photography at a very young age, some like doing freelancing, not to make money but to get exposure, to learn something new and more practical, some like creating content, not to get fame or money but to try something out of the box,but there is the problem. This is the point where most of the parents fail, suppose when their teen says "I am going to play cricket!" Parents often reply positively, when the teen says "I am playing a video game" the parent allows without any second though, but when a child asks for a phone to learn cinematography, parents hesitates and think "what if this phone derailed my child from his studies", but they really forget that what if this phone was the gateway to their child's passion, what if that's the child's actual path! When a teen says "I am working for a client online", instead of doubting or over thinking, parents can simply ask the child; "Son, can you show me what did you made for the client?" "Can you make a cinematic video of our kitchen?"By showing this simple interest a child gets deeply motivated, it shows the teen that their dreams really matter, which results in making them more ambitious and confident.A parent should always support a child, it should always listen to the child especially during the teenage years, and they should always try to understand what their child is aiming for. If you see a child in the society doing something wrong, don't imprint the same on your child. Instead educate them about the pros and cons of every path and keep guiding them with love, trust and clarity. Why stick to traditional career paths just because that s what has always been done? The world is changing and so should our thinking. Every child is built differently, if you give the same task to 10 different children you will get 10 different outcomes, because every child learns, understands, and acts in their own unique way.So a parent must let their child learn and understand things at their own pace. You cannot force a child to learn something that they don t like.Today's parents often give wings to their children to fly but they forget to give them an open sky! A child can be a cinematographer, a cricketer, an entrepreneur or whatever they are passionate about. We as a society must learn to accept and celebrate such talents. Have we ever thought for how long are we going to stick to the traditional way of choosing professions, like completing school, getting a degree, the degree which is often chosen by the parents and relatives instead of the actual child, the question arises, Why? Just because that is what we have always been doing, but does that make it right?Now the world is changing, the upcoming times are going to be more crucial and challenging then we can actually imagine! Parents want their child to do something extra-ordinary but do they let their children explore? Do they let their children do what they are truly passionate about? Why is it necessary to be a doctor, an engineer, a civil servant, or a teacher?A child can be a cinematographer, a cricketer, an entrepreneur or whatever the child is passionate about! And we as a society, need to accept, encourage and celebrate such talents, and this is what is actually going to take us forward.I believe every parent needs to read this article, my parents have always been supportive, they have always trusted me for whatever I did, which is exactly why you are reading this article today.The author is a student of Faiz-e-Aaam secondary school Bandipora

By Bilal Azad and Dr Aftab JanIn today s world, life has become fast, modern, and full of technology. With the help of machines, everything is just one click away. We can buy things online, study from home, talk to anyone across the world, and order food without stepping outside.While this digital life has brought comfort, it has also made our bodies lazy and inactive.We are sitting more than ever at home, at school, at work, and even during free time.Most people, including children, teenagers, and adults, now spend hours every day looking at screens whether it is mobile phones, laptops, or televisions.Because of this, our physical movement is reducing day by day, and our bodies are slowly getting weaker.In the past, life was full of physical activity.People walked long distances, worked with their hands, played outdoors, and did most things manually.Their bodies were strong, hearts were healthy, and minds were fresh. But now, machines do everything for us.Cars replace walking, lifts replace stairs, and even simple chores are done by devices.Sadly, this has made physical fitness a forgotten part of daily life, and we are seeing the bad results: more people are falling sick, getting tired quickly, gaining weight, and feeling mentally stressed or depressed.Fitness is not just about having a muscular body or going to the gym. Real fitness means being able to do your daily work with ease, without feeling tired or sick.It means having energy, strong bones, a healthy heart, good sleep, a calm mind, and the ability to fight diseases.When a person is fit, they feel light, active, and happy.But when a person becomes lazy and unfit, they feel heavy, slow, and often fall sick.Today, even young children are suffering from problems like obesity (too much weight), weak eyesight, back and neck pain, and lack of sleep.Teenagers and young adults are facing stress, anxiety, and depression because their bodies are inactive and their minds are overused with screen time and digital noise.One of the most dangerous effects of this lifestyle is that people think being sick is normal.They believe that back pain, tiredness, stress, or even sugar (diabetes) is just part of life.But this is not true.These problems are often the result of ignoring our physical health.The human body is made to move. If it does not move, it becomes stiff, tired, and full of diseases.Regular movement, like walking, running, cycling, playing games, doing yoga, or even simple stretching, keeps the muscles strong, bones healthy, heart active, and brain fresh.Exercise also helps release natural chemicals in the brain like serotonin and endorphins, which make us feel happy and relaxed.Children need physical fitness not just for their bodies but also for their minds. Playing games improves their focus, discipline, teamwork, and memory.Sadly, today s children are growing up in small rooms, with screens in their hands and junk food on their plates.They need fresh air, outdoor games, sunlight, and physical activity to grow well.Physical Education (PE) in schools should be given the same importance as Maths or Science. No child should be judged only by marks fitness and health should be part of learning too.Adults are also badly affected by inactive lifestyles.Office workers sit for 8 to 10 hours a day, eat quickly, skip exercise, and spend evenings watching TV or scrolling on phones.This routine is slowly killing the body from inside. People suffer from heart attacks, cholesterol, weak muscles, poor sleep, and joint pain because of this silent damage. But even small changes can bring big improvements.Walking for 30 minutes a day, taking stairs instead of lifts, stretching during work breaks, and avoiding junk food can save your body from future pain.We must also talk about food. Our modern diet is full of harmful things sugary drinks, chips, burgers, packaged snacks, and fried food. These fill our bodies with fat but give no real strength.If we do not opt for xercise and keep eating such food, we gain weight and become weak inside.Healthy food like fruits, vegetables, home-cooked meals, and water is necessary for real fitness.Sleep is also a big part of physical health. Staying up late on phones or watching screens until midnight weakens the brain and body.Going to bed early and waking up fresh is a beautiful habit that supports total wellness.During the COVID-19 pandemic, the whole world saw how important physical fitness and immunity are. People who were fit and active recovered faster and suffered less. Those who were weak or had health problems suffered more.That time was a big lesson: money, phones, and cars could not save us but health could.Fitness is not something extra. It is the most important part of life. Without health, nothing else feels good not wealth, not success, not beauty.Our religion, Islam, also guides us to take care of our bodies. The Prophet Muhammad (?) was physically strong, active, and full of discipline. He walked often, encouraged sports like running, archery, and horse riding, and taught moderation in food and sleep.He said, A strong believer is better and more beloved to Allah than a weak one. Hazrat Ali (RA) beautifully said, Health is a crown on the heads of the healthy that only the sick can see. This means we only realize how valuable our health is after we lose it.Our body is a trust (Amanah) from Allah, and keeping it healthy is an act of gratitude and worship.In the end, we must remember: fitness is not about looking good, it is about living well. In this modern world of screens, noise, and stress, our body is crying for help.It needs movement, fresh air, natural food, and peaceful sleep. Don t wait for disease to teach you the value of health.Start now. Move your body every day. Walk, play, stretch, breathe deeply.Eat less junk, drink more water. Sleep on time, rise with energy. Thank Allah for your body and take care of it before it s too late. Because at the end of the day, no comfort is greater than a healthy body, and no wealth is richer than good health.

Arshid Ahmad Malikmalik121arshid@gmail.comThe serene valley of Pahalgam known for its breathtaking landscapes,was shaken to its core by a brutal and inhuman attack that claimed innocent lives and left the nation in shock.On 22 April 2025 afternoon,a group of terrorists in Pahalgam,J&K leaving 26 tourists dead and many more injured.The attack was widely condemned by people across the country with many leaders and citizens expressing their outrage and grief.Even just after the attack the people from every nook and corner of Kashmir mourned and strongly condemned this brutal and inhuman act and we saw candlelight protests from different places of Kashmir in solidarity with the victim families who lost their loved ones in this Coward Act.Besides, we saw some heartwarming stories of Kashmiris helping tourists during this horrific attack.Some Kashmiri Youth took the initiative to help tourists, providing them with medical care and transportation to safe areas.Their actions showed that even in times of crisis,there are individuals who prioritize humanity over adversity.Likewise, Aadil Hussain Shah a pony rider and a sole breadwinner in his home lost his life while attempting to protect tourists by tackling gun men.Another example of bravery was demonstrated by a Kashmiri shawl vendor, Sajad Ahmad Bhat who risked his life to help injured tourists.He carried some to safety on his back and provided water to those in need.Moreover,taxi drivers and hotel owners offered free rides and services to tourists, guiding them to safety.These acts highlights Kashmiri community's commitment to humanity, hospitality and unity even in the face of adversity.These acts of kindness serve as a powerful counter-narrative to the misconception that Kashmiris support to condone violence.Instead, they highlight the community's resilience, empathy and dedication to peace.In the aftermath of this excruciating attack, certain media outlets of our nation,often referred to as "Godi Media" left no stone unturned to sensationalize the stories to grab the attention.They often spread misinformation and promote biased narratives leading to polarization and erosion of trust in the media.In the wake of this attack "Godi Media" claimed that the terrorists selectively targeted Hindus after checking their names.However,the list of victims revealed that 15 out of 26 killed were Muslims, debunking this false narrative.By spreading this unverified claims,these TV Channels aimed to fuel communal tensions and polarization, which could lead to further violence and hatred.This behaviour aligns with a disturbing trend where sections of the media amplify divisive narratives to serve political agendas.Although the tourists who were here and witnessed this attack themselves praised local Kashmiris for their heroic approach in helping them to save their lives.Moreover, the tourists in different parts of the valley are claiming that they are safe and secure.They wanted to convey the message to other parts of India that there is nothing like that which godi media is trying to show through different news channels.They are just spreading misinformation leading to communal violence in the nation.On the next day of this attack,one of the TV Channel of godi media, ABP news anchor Chitra Tripathi faced protests at Ghantaghar Lal chowk after locals said that she was trying to spread fake news about the attack.The protestors including tourism groups,lawyers and civil society members criticized the media particularly for its emphasis on communal issues rather than holding the government accountable.The protests saw slogans condemning terrorism and advocating for Hindu-Muslim unity.The protestors also expressed frustration over the media's selective reporting and the censorship of local voices.From common people to the leaders of the Government in Kashmir, everyone slammed "Godi Media" and hold their anchors responsible for communal disharmony in the nation.With their biased and inflammatory coverage, Kashmiris living across India especially students have been heckled,harrased and faced threats by far-right Hindu groups or even their classmates.From Uttarakhand, Punjab, to Uttar Pradesh, landlords are pushing Kashmiri tenants out; and shopkeepers are refusing to trade with them.Several Kashmiri students are sleeping at airports as they try to make their way home.However,It's essential to hold such media outlets accountable for their actions and promote responsible journalism that prioritizes fact-checking, balance, and accuracy.By doing so, we can work towards creating a more informed and compassionate society where communal harmony and peace are valued.The author has done masters in Political Science from University of Kashmir and is currently a Socio-Political Activist and Chairperson of Liberal Youth Club Soibugh. 

By Dr. Aftab JanIn the 21st century, the internet has become an inseparable part of our lives. From education to entertainment, it has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact. However, as the digital age progresses, a growing concern has emerged: the impact of early internet exposure on children s brain development. This article delves into the hidden dangers of excessive screen time, the role of parents and educators in mitigating these risks, and the collective responsibility of society to ensure a healthier future for the next generation.  The Science Behind Early Internet Exposure and Brain DevelopmentThe human brain undergoes its most rapid and critical development during the first five years of life. During this period, neural connections are formed at an astonishing rate, shaping cognitive, emotional, and social abilities. However, excessive exposure to screens and digital content during these formative years can disrupt this delicate process.  Cognitive DevelopmentResearch shows that prolonged screen time can impair cognitive functions such as memory, problem-solving, and critical thinking. The fast-paced, overstimulating nature of digital content overwhelms young brains, making it difficult for children to process information effectively. This can lead to poor academic performance and a reduced ability to engage in deep, focused learning.  Attention Span and FocusThe constant bombardment of flashy visuals, rapid scene changes, and instant rewards from digital content conditions children s brains to seek constant stimulation. This reduces their ability to focus on tasks that require sustained attention, such as reading or solving complex problems. Over time, this can lead to attention deficits and restlessness.  Emotional and Social DevelopmentExcessive screen time often replaces face-to-face interactions, which are crucial for developing emotional intelligence and social skills. Children who spend too much time online may struggle to interpret non-verbal cues, empathize with others, or build meaningful relationships. This can lead to feelings of isolation, anxiety, and depression.  Sleep and Physical HealthThe blue light emitted by screens interferes with the production of melatonin, the hormone responsible for regulating sleep. This can lead to sleep disturbances, which are linked to a host of issues, including obesity, weakened immunity, and poor mental health. Additionally, sedentary behavior associated with excessive screen time contributes to physical health problems such as obesity and poor posture.  Language DevelopmentLanguage skills are best developed through real-life interactions, where children can observe facial expressions, hear tonal variations, and engage in back-and-forth conversations. Excessive screen time limits these opportunities, potentially delaying language acquisition and communication skills.  Renowned doctors, scientists, and global health organizations have voiced their concerns about the impact of early internet exposure on children s brain development.  Dr. Jenny Radesky a developmental behavioral pediatrician at the University of Michigan, emphasizes the importance of face-to-face interactions for emotional and social development. She notes that children who spend too much time on screens may miss out on critical opportunities to develop empathy and communication skills.  Dr. Aric Sigman, a psychologist and author, highlights the link between excessive screen time and mental health issues. His research shows that children who spend more than two hours a day on screens are at a higher risk of developing anxiety, depression, and attention disorders.  Dr. Michael Rich, director of the Center on Media and Child Health at Harvard University, advocates for a balanced approach to technology use. He stresses that while the internet can be a valuable tool for learning, it should not replace real-life experiences and interactions. Scientists WarningsDr. Manfred Spitzer, a German neuroscientist, argues that "digital dementia" is a growing concern. He warns that young children exposed to too much screen time may develop cognitive deficits similar to those found in dementia patients.  Dr. Susan Greenfield, a British neuroscientist, cautions that excessive screen exposure alters neural pathways, making children less capable of deep thinking, problem-solving, and emotional regulation.  Global Health Organizations RecommendationsThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that children under two years old should have zero screen time, and children aged 2 5 should be limited to one hour per day.   The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests that parents should co-view content with children and encourage more offline activities.  UNICEF highlights that while digital learning has benefits, excessive screen time without parental guidance can hinder social and emotional development.The Role of Parents: A Call for Responsible Digital ParentingParents are the first and most influential role models in a child s life. In the digital age, their role extends beyond traditional parenting to include guiding their children s relationship with technology. Here s how parents can take charge:  Set Clear BoundariesEstablish rules for screen time that are age-appropriate and consistent. For example, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends no screen time for children under 18 months, except for video chatting, and no more than one hour per day for children aged 2 to 5.  Encourage Real-World ActivitiesPrioritize activities that promote physical, cognitive, and emotional growth, such as outdoor play, reading, arts and crafts, and family bonding. These activities not only reduce screen dependency but also foster creativity, problem-solving, and social skills.  Monitor Online ContentNot all screen time is created equal. Parents should ensure that their children are exposed to educational, age-appropriate content while shielding them from harmful or inappropriate material. Tools like parental controls and content filters can be helpful in this regard.  Children often mimic their parents behavior. By practicing mindful technology use such as putting away phones during meals or family time parents can set a positive example and reinforce the importance of real-world connections.  We should encourage children to share their online experiences and concerns. By maintaining an open dialogue, parents can better understand their children s digital habits and guide them toward responsible internet use.  The Role of Teachers, Especially Physical Education TeachersSchools and educators play a critical role in shaping children s relationship with technology. Physical education (PE) teachers, in particular, are uniquely positioned to counteract the negative effects of excessive screen time.  Regular physical activity is essential for brain development, emotional well-being, and overall health. PE teachers can design engaging programs that encourage students to participate in sports, exercise, and outdoor play. Activities like team sports, yoga, and dance not only improve physical fitness but also teach valuable life skills such as teamwork, discipline, and resilience.  Schools should adopt active learning methods that reduce reliance on screens and encourage hands-on, interactive experiences. For example, science experiments, art projects, and group discussions can make learning more engaging and effective.Teachers should educate students about the importance of balancing technology with physical activity. This includes discussing the risks of internet addiction, the benefits of a healthy lifestyle, and strategies for managing screen time. Schools can foster a culture of wellness by organizing events like sports days, fitness challenges, and outdoor excursions. These initiatives not only promote physical activity but also strengthen social bonds and school spirit.A Collective Responsibility: Society s Role in Safeguarding Young MindsThe issue of early internet exposure is not just a concern for parents and educators it is a societal challenge that requires collective action. Governments, tech companies, and communities must work together to create a safer, healthier digital environment for children.  Governments should implement regulations that protect children from harmful online content and promote digital literacy. For example, age restrictions, content warnings, and mandatory educational programs on responsible internet use can make a significant difference.  Tech companies have a responsibility to design products that prioritize user well-being. Features like screen time trackers, parental controls, and content filters can help parents manage their children s digital habits more effectively.Local communities can organize workshops, seminars, and awareness campaigns to educate parents and children about the risks of excessive screen time and the benefits of a balanced lifestyle.  A Balanced Approach for a Brighter FutureThe internet is a powerful tool that has the potential to enrich our lives in countless ways. However, it should never replace the irreplaceable value of real-life experiences, human connections, and physical activity. By adopting a balanced approach that combines the benefits of technology with traditional childhood experiences, we can raise intelligent, emotionally stable, and socially competent individuals.The responsibility to safeguard young minds lies with all of us parents, educators, policymakers, and society as a whole. Let us take the necessary steps today to ensure a healthier, happier future for the next generation.  As a researcher and educator, I firmly believe that the overuse of the internet and digital devices is one of the most pressing challenges facing our children today. The evidence is clear: excessive screen time harms brain development, emotional well-being, and physical health. However, the solution lies not in demonizing technology but in finding a balanced approach.Parents, educators, and policymakers must work together to create an environment where technology is used as a tool for learning and growth, not as a substitute for real-life experiences. By setting boundaries, encouraging physical activity, and fostering open communication, we can help our children navigate the digital world safely and responsibly.Let us take this message to heart and act now. The future of our children depends on it.It is a reminder that the future of our children is in our hands. By understanding the risks of early internet exposure and taking proactive steps to mitigate them, we can create a world where technology enhances, rather than hinders, the development of young minds.Let us come together to praise and share this message, ensuring that it reaches every corner of the globe. Together, we can build a brighter, healthier future for generations to come.